Awareness of the anatomical variations of the blood supply of the hand is necessary not only for the anatomist but also for surgeons when considering hand surgery. The objective of this study was investigate the incidence of anatomical variations of the superficial palmar arch and describe an rare anatomical variation. A total of 14 cadavers were used for the study in the laboratory of Morphology of the University of Pamplona. In the right hand, the superficial palmar arch only gave rise to two common palmar digital arteries. In the left hand, the arch provided common palmar digital arteries which ran into the first, third and the fourth spaces and one proper palmar digital for the little finger. The arch does not supply the second intermetacarpal space. Less critical knowledge of vasculature of the hand might lead iatrogenic injury during surgery of the hand