Inflammation is a complex biological response of a tissue to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, and irritants. Inflammation is characterized by marked vascular changes including angiogenesis and increased permeability induced by various inflammatory mediators. Findings have shown that pentoxifyllineexerts inhibitory effect on vascular permeability by TNF-α inhibition. In this study, we investigated the effect of pentoxifylline on inflammation process such as leukocyte infiltration and angiogenesis in an air pouch model in rat. Twenty-four male wistar rats (160–190 g) were divided randomly into a control and three treated groups. Inflammation was produced by injection of carrageenan into a newly formed air pouch. Treatment groups were orally administrated for five days with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/day of pentoxifylline following injection of carrageenan. Oral administration of pentoxifylline at a dose of 40 mg/kg suppressed leukocyte infiltration into the air pouches by reducing the number of cells in the pouches from 11±1.6 × 107 in control to 5.5±1.1 × 107 (p<0.05). Meanwhile, 10 mg/kg of pentoxifylline inhibited the inflammatory induced angiogenesis by 43% (p<0.001). The anti-angiogenic action of pentoxifylline was reversed by increasing the dose. Pentoxifylline dosedepentely inhibits PMN recruitment anddecreases inflammatory reaction in the air pouch model, but suppresses angiogenesis only with a low dose. Pentoxifylline might be a candidate for use as an anti-inflammatory agent that with low doses produces an antiangiogenic activity as well.