This study aimed to analyze the summer and winter indoor thermal environment of new and old two types of rural houses in QiLian Mountain northern foothills area. The method of analysis is field testing, include indoor air temperature and humidity, outdoor air temperature and humidity .The result shows the relationship between indoor thermal environment and envelope materials, heating methods, location of rooms. In addition, the influence was Quantified in 1～2° C in summer, 10～15° C in winter. Finally, advice put forward to promote the indoor thermal environment.