The degradation efficiency of rose bengal in aqueous medium using the heterogeneous photoFenton process has been assessed. It was found that, the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process was relatively more suitable as compared to its homogeneous counterpart. In heterogeneous system, the catalyst can be reused and the possible pollution caused by the ferrous ions in solution of homogeneous process can also be avoided. Through cation exchange reaction, Hydroxyl-iron-pillared-bentonite was prepared and used as a solid catalyst for photo-Fenton process. Effects of various parameters like pH, dye concentration, amount of hydrogen peroxide, light intensity and amount of catalyst on the rate of reaction was observed. A tentative mechanism has been proposed for photo-Fenton degradation of rose bengal.