Energy plays a vital role in the development of industry. Due to the imbalance of demand and supply in our country, the energy of our country is heavily reliant on foreign countries. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the foreign trade of energy as well as the relationship between the foreign trade of energy and the industrial structure. The study finds out that the foreign trade of energy has significant influence on the industrial structure, and the industrial structure also indirectly affects the foreign trade of energy through influencing energy supply and consumption.