The chelating ability and anticlastogenic potential of Dialium indium aqueous extract on lead-induced microcytic anemia and chromosome aberration was investigated in albino rats. Twenty rats were randomly grouped into four where rats in group B were treated daily with oral administration of 2.5 mg/kg lead acetate, animals in C were fed simultaneously with 2.5 mg/kg lead acetate and 200mg/kg Dialium indium extract while group D animals were fed 200 mg/kg Dialium indium extract only and animals in group A served as control. The animals were sacrificed after four weeks of exposure and the toxicological effect of lead and the plant extract on hemoglobin-enzymes and chromosomes were equally assessed via micronucleus assay. The results from hematogical and micronucleus assay suggest that lead could possibly induce microcytic-anemia and as well initiate the development of chromosome aberration in albino rats as observed in group B animals, while the extract offered protective effect to animals in group C. However, the extract anticlastogenic and chelating potential was in synergy with the activity of hemoglobin-enzymes as the frequency of chromosome aberration was significantly (P<0.05) low in group D animals compared to those in group B.