Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2015 Vol: 7 Issue: 4

Pharmacological properties, phytochemical and GC-MS analysis of Bauhinia acuminata Linn.

Abstract

The current study was designed to perform phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hemolytic activities and GC-MS analysis of B. acuminata leaves and stem extracts. Antimicrobial activity for hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts were screened by agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium and Aspergillus fumigates, Aspergillus niger. To check the antioxidant status, DPPH radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition, reducing power and total antioxidant activities were performed. Hemolytic activity was evaluated by Spectrophotometric method. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, saponins, flavonoids, oils and fats in leaves and stems of all the extracts. Aqueous extract of stems and leaves (1000μg/ml) resulted in prominent antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigates, Aspergillus niger with maximum zone of inhibition (19mm and 14mm) moderate zone of inhibition (10mm and 4mm) respectively. In addition, aqueous leaf and stem extracts exhibited 84% and 81% of DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 values: 39.75μg/ml and 42.89 μg/ml) and 41% and 64% of lipid peroxidation inhibition (IC50 values: 0.69 mg/ml and 1.226 mg/ml) respectively and also no hemolytic activity was observed which proves non toxicity of the extracts against human erythrocytes. Both the extracts also showed good amount of phenolics (19.99 mg GAE/g and 29.007 mg GAE/g of extract) and flavonoids (150.99 mg QE/g and 54.98 mg QE/g of extract) within them. GC-MS analysis detected hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane and 1-methyl 3-nonyl indane in leaf and stem extracts. In future, the compound responsible for the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity is to be extracted and could be used as natural medicine.

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