Xanthine oxidoreductase enzyme is part of a group of enzymes known as the molybdenum iron-sulfur flavin hydroxylases, it widely distributed throughout various organs including the liver, kidney, gut, lung, heart, brain and plasma with the highest levels found in the gut and the liver. Cholelithiasis or Gallstone disease (GD), is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal tract diseases, with a substantial burden to healthcare systems and it is abnormal masses of a solid mixture of cholesterol crystals, mucin, calcium bilirubinate, and proteins that have affected people for centuries; it is the most common problems affecting the digestive tract, however obesity is a firm risk factor for gallstone disease. Total of (133) individual samples were included in the present study the control group consist of (57) apparently healthy individual samples, while the gallstone patients were (76) individual samples. The studied samples were classified in to two groups according to gender and Body Mass Index (BMI) for each control and patient groups, xanthine oxidoreductase and other biochemical parameters were measured by colorimetric tests. The results showed that there were significant differences in the mean xanthine oxidase activity and its specific activity and the mean xanthine dehydrogenase activity and its specific activity of patients when compared to control group and between another parameters according to (BMI). The present study suggests that there is a correlation between the obesity and xanthine oxidoreductase enzyme.