Camellia grijsii Hance is used as a woody edible oil tree in the South of China. The oil contains tea polyphenols and camellia glucoside, which can effectively improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, lower cholesterol and glucose. However, it is particularly prone to erratic fruit set showing very low and have little work on the reproduction biology. In order to verify whether there was any obstacle of sexual reproduction in C. grijsii, the megasporogensis and development of the female gametophyte of C. grijsii were observed by a paraffin section technique. The results are showed that the development of embryo sac conformed to Allium type. Archespore under the nucellar epidermis directly developed a megaspore mother cell. The megaspore tetrad were arranged into a T shape, the megaspore of chalazal end was functional megaspore. The functional megaspore formed 7-celled or 8-nucleate embryo sac following its three times division successively. The ovules were anatropous, bitegminous and tenuinucellate. Abnormal embryo sacs or abortive ovules were observed in the ovary. Based on our results, the abortive rate of the examined ovules was 37.9%, which were likely the cause of the low seed set in C. grijsii.