As one of the major risks in high-sulfur crude oil processing, the H2S exposure could be reduced by early warning of H2S leakage. Based on the source and distribution of H2S, the four-level warning mechanisms of H2S leakage is developed by using HSE risk identification system, which makes the H2S concentration values as the grading index. The appropriate emergency measures are formed. To provide guidance for H2S poisoning protection during highsulfur crude oil processing, the safeguards to prevent H2S poisoning are presented according to the cause of H2S poisoning and “Human-Machine-Material-Regulation-Environment”.