Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research (ISSN : 0975-7384)

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Original Articles: 2015 Vol: 7 Issue: 5

Groundwater quality assessment and GIS based mapping of selected areas of Mangrol Coast, Gujarat, India

Abstract

Groundwater is one of the most valuable natural resources that are essential for life on earth. Groundwater has become a necessary resource due to increase in its usage for drinking, water supply, irrigation and industrial uses etc. The main purpose of the present investigation was to assess groundwater quality and create maps based on spatial distribution of selected parameters in coastal area of Mangrol, Gujarat. GIS is an effective tool for groundwater quality mapping as a database system in order to prepare maps based on concentration of various parameters by using ArcGIS 10.1 software. The results obtained showed that the composition of groundwater is largely affected by seawater intrusion, especially at Site 2 (Mangrol Beach). Site 3 (Bara Road) showed lower values for selected parameters and is comparatively better than other sites. TDS concentration was highest by value 3914.67 mg/l while hardness was 6333.33 mg/l at Site 2 in September 2014(Table 3.2). Site 2 and Site 10 (HodiChakla) showed higher concentrations of the selected parameters as they are closely located nearby shoreline of Mangrol.In September 2014, the concentration of calcium hardness was at its peak by a value 4900 mg/l at Site 2 while highest amount of magnesium hardness (2723.33 mg/l) was recorded in January 2015(Table 3.6) at the same site. Groundwater quality maps are generated which being easily interpretable, could serve as a communication tool to aware local people and governmental and non-governmental organizations. We conclude that groundwater quality of Mangrol coastal area is under threat from saline water intrusion, geology of the environment, urbanization and influence of the seasons. Continuous monitoring and regulations related to groundwater use must be in-force ideally to prevent further degradation and sustainable utilization of groundwater in the study area.

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