Original Articles: 2011 Vol: 3 Issue: 6
Generation and Characterization of Chicken Eggyolk Antibodies against Canine parvovirus-2 Infection
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) infections causing severe gastroenteritis in puppies and dogs, spreads by direct contact and through feces contamination. Specific antiviral treatments are lacking and veterinarians are left only to treat the symptoms of disease. Vaccines are ineffective in young puppies. Early recognition and aggressive treatment are very important but most of the diagnostic methods are time consuming and require specific equipment. The present study was conducted as a preliminary step to monitor the efficacy of IgY as a passive immunotherapeutic agent to curb the CPV infection in dogs. CPV vaccine containing 103 viral particles/ml was used as antigen to immunize 21 weeks old White Leghorn chicken. Eggs were collected and the IgY was purified from the egg yolk using Polson’s method. The molecular weight of the antibody was found to be 180kDa using SDS-PAGE. The protein concentration was found to be 4.8 mg/ml of egg yolk. The titre of antibody production in chicken increases after subsequent immunization and remained constant after 60th day. An extraordinary amount of antibodies can be produced from only one hen, approximately 17-35 gram of total IgY/chicken/year, of which 1-10% can be expected to be antigen specific. The purified IgY was found to be specific to the CPV antigen used which was determined using indirect ELISA. The successful completion of this research work will form a platform to use the specific antibodies for therapeutic benefit as an antiviral treatment of CPV2 in dogs and for early diagnosis.