It’s reported that Naringin might have the effect of protection in cardiovascular diseases. In this report, we further studied the mechnisms of naringin against atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits. The rabbits were randomly divided into (n= 10): naringin group (50 mg/kg of naringin), simvastatin group (10 mg/kg of simvastatin), negative control group and positive control group. After 12 weeks, we found that there were not any differences in plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) between naringin and positive control group. We did not find an obvious decrease in the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) protein in naringin group. In addition, aorta plaque instability was not significantly decreased by naringin, as demonstrated by a thinned elastic layer, less vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accumulation in the plaques, increased intima-media thickness and macrophage proliferation. In our study, these results suggest that naringin supplementation for 12 weeks cannot attenuate the aorta plaque vulnerability or the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic rabbits.