In order to study the effects of formulated fertilization, irrigation and different varieties on crop yields and farmer’s income, this research used household survey data and demonstration test data of formulated fertilization, which was collected from t he project of soil testing and formulated fertilization in Shaanxi province from 2007 to 2011. For analysis, there were a total of 53 counties in the sample. The results show that in Weibei, Guanzhong and Qin - Ba regions, compared with conventional fertiliz ation, formulated fertilization decreased nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates by 31.92%, 12.59% and 10.13% respectively, decreased phosphate (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizer rates by 20.44%, 2.10% and 26.19% respectively, increased potassium (K 2 O) fertilizer rates by 105.98%, 193.99% and 382.58% respectively. The yields of wheat improved 330 kg ha - 1 , 403 kg ha - 1 and 738 kg ha - 1 , the yield increase rates were 7.73%, 6.26% and 19.71%, the average profits increased about 906 yuan ha - 1 , 689 yuan ha - 1 and 1423 yuan ha - 1 respectively in the three regions. In addition, the average yields were higher up to 19.07%, 14.96% and 17.76% respectively when irrigation had been used than without, and it was not the most productive varieties that were the most grown in the three regions. Therefor e, the focus of the wheat production in the future must pay more attention to the formulated fertilizer application, conduct rational irrigation and encourage the use of more productive varieties, to provide effective protection for the province and to enh ance national food security.