Reviews: 2011 Vol: 3 Issue: 2
Determination of Adulterants in Food: A Review
Abstract
This paper proposes the use of the least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) as an
alternative multivariate calibration method for the simultaneous quantification of some common
adulterants (starch, whey or sucrose) found in powdered milk samples, using NIR spectroscopy
with direct measurements by diffuse reflectance. Due to the spectral differences of the three
adulterants a nonlinear behaviour is present when all groups of adulterants are in the same data
set, making the use of linear methods such as partial least squares regression(PLSR) difficult.
Chemo metric MID-FTIR methods were used to detect and quantify the adulteration of mince
meat with horse meat, fat beef trimmings, and textured soy protein. Also, a SIMCA (soft
independent modelling class analogy) method was developed to discriminate between
adulterated and unadulterated samples.Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemo
metrics methods has been used to detect adulteration of honey samples. The results showed that
WT-LS-SVM can be as a rapid screening technique for detection of this type of honey
adulteration with good accuracy and better generalization. Partial least squares (PLS) were
employed for the analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral data of
the blend oil samples.
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