Diabetes is a widespread and devastating disease. It has been estimated that the number of people affected with diabetes in the world will increase to 300 million by 2025. It is associated with several mechanisms, one of which is oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis and the complications of diabetes. Hyperglycemia results in overproduction of oxygen free radicals, which contributes to the progression of diabetes. Thus, the present study was investigated on antidiabetic activity and amelioration of oxidative stress by Lagenaria siceraria fruit extract in alloxan- induced diabetic rabbits. Diabetes was induced in rabbits by administration of alloxan monohydrate (150mg/kg, i.p). The ethanolic extract of the fruit of Lagenaria siceraria (EELS) at a dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of body weight were administered at single dose per day to diabetes induced rabbits for a period of 14 days. The result of present study showed that significant antidiabetic activity against alloxan induced diabetes by decreasing the levels of fasting blood glucose in a dose dependent manner. Data also showed that EELS possessed strong antioxidant activity, which was conformed by decreasing the activities of lipid peroxidation and increased enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants. From the above results, it is concluded that ethanolic extract of the fruit of Lagenaria siceraria possesses significant antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits.