Cancer is one of the main causes of death far and wide the world. Targeted drug delivery to the tumor is one of the major areas in tumor or cancer research. Aptamers are oligonucleotides with flexible three dimensional structures that identify and link to the specific targets, which includes tumor receptors, in same manner and greater attraction. Aptamers discover many capable of properties for tumor targeted drug delivery, because of their selection, synthesis, steep binding affinity and specificity, synthetic accessibility, low immunogenicity Due to their unique properties, aptamer mediated nano vehicles have been developed to transfer drugs to the tumors to reduce systemic toxicity and hence the permeation is improved. From last few decades, aptamers have all of a sudden become a new class of targeting materials for drug delivery. Aptamers are single stranded, produced by a complicated, technique known as SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment).When the technology of aptamer selection was developed almost 25 years ago, it was said to be that it will be one of the revolutionary start into solve many problems associated with cancer and many other diseases. This review is majorly discussed about the aptamers and their current concepts in the tumorigenesis and implications for aptamers relate Chemotherapy, clinical studies of aptamers, and patents on aptamers so far.