In the field of cell analysis, segmentation of cells and synchronous tracking is an important question for biological research. For this problem, a method for cell synchronous tracking based on Kalman filter is proposed. At first, an improved algorithm based on the combination of watershed algorithm and feature extraction is applied to achieve cell segmentation, then, a motion model is established for predicting and tracking. In the end, experiment results show that the method proposed in this paper is able to effectively fulfill cell segmentation and cell tracking.